kalakadu.com: Magnetic Effect Of Electric Current And Light Class 10th Science Tamilnadu Board Solution

Magnetic Effect Of Electric Current And Light Class 10th Science Tamilnadu Board Solution

Class 10^th Science Tamilnadu Board Solution

Part-a
The magnification produced by a mirror is +1/3. Then the mirror is a ___ (concave…
The phenomenon of producing an emf in a circuit whenever the magnetic flux linked with a…
An electric current through a metallic conductor produces _ around it.(magnetic…
The field of view is maximum for _(plane mirror, concave mirror, convex mirror)…
An object is placed 25 cm from a convex lens whose focal length is 10 cm. The image…
From the following statement write down that which is applicable to a commutator?a. A…
An overhead wire carries current from east to west. Find the direction of the magnetic…
In the arrangement shown in the figure, there are two coils wound on anon-conducting…
Which part of the human eye helps in changing the focal length of the eye lens?…
A pencil partly immersed in water in a glass tumbler appears to be bent at the interface…
Sitting in her parlour one night, Chitra sees the reflection of her cat in the livingroom…
Why do the lines of the magnetic field not cross each other?
What is the magnetic field midway between two parallel conductors carrying same amount of…
How can an AC generator be converted into a DC generator?
Compute the position of the object placed in front of a concave mirror of focal length ‘f’…
Part-b
Fill in the blanksi) For a motor: a permanent magnet, then commercial motor: _ii)…
Correct the mistakes, if any, in the following statements.i) The magnetic field is a…
The ray diagram shown below is introduced to show how a concave mirror forms theimage of…
In traffic signals _ colour light is used to stop vehicles because it has…
Fill the table with the appropriate words given in bracket._the tooth’senlarged…
Write down the names of the specified parts of the human eye.i) Dark muscular diaphragm…
You know that myopia is a common refractive defect of vision. A person with this defect…
i) Which of the compass needle orientations in the following diagram correctly…
Does magnetic monopole exist? Give reasons.
A 3 cm tall bulb is placed at a distance of 20 cm from a diverging lens having a focal…
A needle placed at 30 cm from the lens forms an image on a screen placed 60 cm on the…
A ray from medium 1 is refracted below while passing to medium 2. Find the refractive…
A real image, 1/5th the size of the object, is formed at a distance of 18 cm from amirror.…
A person cannot clearly see objects farther than 12 m from the eye. Name the defect in…
Explain the use of concave mirror as solar concentrators with the help of a ray diagram.…
Light enters from air to kerosene having refractive index of 1.47. What is the speed of…
Murugan trims his beard while looking into a concave mirror whose focal length is18 cm. He…
Light travels at 1.90 x 108 m/s in a crystal, what is the crystal’s index of refraction?…
Ranjini makes arrangements for a candle-light dinner and tops it with a dessert of elatine…
If the far point of a myopic person is 75 cm, what should be the focal length of the lens…
Reena and Vani find a discarded plastic lens lying on the beach. The girls’ discuss what…
Light which is incident on a flat surface makes an angle of 150 with the surface.i) What…
How can you identify the three types of mirrors without touching them?Give reasons.…
What will happen when the frequency of rotation in an AC dynamo is doubled?…
Part-c
Draw the given diagram and label the following in the diagram.i) Incident rayii) Refracted…
The refractive index of diamond is 2.42. What is the meaning of this statement inrelation…
i) Redraw the diagram.ii) This diagram represents _____iii) Label the parts of the…
i) Find the nature, position and magnification of the image formed by a convex lens of…
An object of 5cm tall is placed at a distance of 10cm from a concave mirror of radius of…
The optical prescription of a pair of spectacle isRight eye: - 3.5 D Left eye: - 4.00 Di)…

Part-a

Question 1.
The magnification produced by a mirror is +1/3. Then the mirror is a ___ (concave mirror, convex mirror, plane mirror)

Answer:
The magnification produced by a mirror is +1/3. Then the mirror is a convex (concave mirror, convex mirror, plane mirror)

Explanation: The magnification of a mirror is given by

Where v is the image distance and u is the object distance.

The magnification can only be positive if the object and the image are on the opposite sides of the mirror, which is achieved only when we use a convex mirror.

Question 2.
The phenomenon of producing an emf in a circuit whenever the magnetic flux linked with a coil changes is. (Electromagnetic induction, inducing current, inducing voltage, change in current)

Answer:
The phenomenon of producing an emf in a circuit whenever the magnetic flux linked with a coil changes is Electromagnetic induction. (Electromagnetic induction, inducing current, inducing voltage, change in current)

Explanation: With the change of magnetic field associated with a coil, an emf is produced in the circuit. This phenomenon is known as electromagnetic induction.

This phenomenon is in accordance with conservation of energy.

Question 3.
An electric current through a metallic conductor produces _ around it.(magnetic field, mechanical force, induced current)

Answer:
An electric current through a metallic conductor produces magnetic field around it. (Magnetic field, mechanical force, induced current)

Explanation: As an electric current passes through a metallic conductor magnetic field is produced around it. The magnetic field lines (which indicate the magnetic field) due to a metallic conductor is shown in the figure below.

Question 4.
The field of view is maximum for _(plane mirror, concave mirror, convex mirror)

Answer:
The field of view is maximum for convex mirror (plane mirror, concave mirror, convex mirror)

Explanation: The field of view is the size of the largest object that can be seen through a mirror that is located at a fixed position.

This figure shows the wider field of view of a convex mirror than a plane mirror and as a concave mirror is used to concentrate the light rays, we can conclude that a convex mirror will have the widest field of view.

Question 5.
An object is placed 25 cm from a convex lens whose focal length is 10 cm. The image distance is ______. (50 cm, 16.66 cm, 6.66 cm, 10 cm)

Answer:
An object is placed 25 cm from a convex lens whose focal length is 10 cm. The image distance is . (50 cm, 16.66 cm, 6.66 cm, 10 cm)
Explanation:

Given: u= -25cm

f= +10cm

v=? (To be found)

According to the lens formula,

Hence, the answer is 16.33cm

Question 6.
From the following statement write down that which is applicable to a commutator?

a. A galvanometer uses a commutator for deadbeat

b. A transformer uses a commutator to step up voltage

c. A motor uses a commutator to reverse the current

Answer:
C
A commutator is a device used in a motor to rectify the direction of current for a constant and unidirectional flow of current. Galvanometer and transformers don’t use a commutator.

Question 7.
An overhead wire carries current from east to west. Find the direction of the magnetic field 5cm below the wire.

Answer:
The direction of the magnetic field is given by the right hand thumb rule, as the direction of the current is from east to

west, the direction of the magnetic field 5cm below will be from north to south.

Question 8.
In the arrangement shown in the figure, there are two coils wound on anon-conducting cylindrical rod. Initially the key is not inserted. Then the key is inserted and later removed. Then, which of the following statement is correct?

a. The deflection in the galvanometer remains zero throughout.

b. There is a momentary deflection in the galvanometer but it dies out shortly.

Answer:
b

Explanation: When the key is inserted, an electric current flows through coil 1 which produces a magnetic field. This change in the magnetic field (from zero) induces an emf in coil 2 due to electromagnetic induction.But as the key is removed no magnetic field is produced and the emf in coil 2 turns zero.

Question 9.
Which part of the human eye helps in changing the focal length of the eye lens?

Answer:
The crystalline lens attached to the ciliary muscles that help in changing the focal length of the lens.

Fig. Contraction and relaxation of eye lens due to ciliary muscles

Question 10.
A pencil partly immersed in water in a glass tumbler appears to be bent at the interface of air and water. Name the phenomenon of light responsible for it.

Answer:
This phenomenon is known as refraction of light.

When light passes from one medium to another medium the light rays tend to bend at the interface between two medium, this phenomenon is known as refraction.

Question 11.
Sitting in her parlour one night, Chitra sees the reflection of her cat in the livingroom window. If the image of her cat makes an angle of 40^o with the normal,at what angle does Chitra see the reflected image of the cat?

Answer:
According to the law of reflection,
The angle of incidence (i) = the angle of reflection (r)

Hence, the angle at which Chitra see the reflected image of the cat (i) is 40^o.

Question 12.
Why do the lines of the magnetic field not cross each other?

Answer:

The magnetic field line represents the direction of force at a point (along the tangent). If two magnetic field lines were to cut each other then there would be two direction of force at a point which is not practical or impossible.

If two magnetic sources are present then the magnetic field lines will repel each other but never intersect.

Question 13.
What is the magnetic field midway between two parallel conductors carrying same amount of current in the same direction and in the opposite direction?

Answer:
The direction of magnetic field is given by right hand thumb rule and the direction of the magnetic field mid way between two parallel conductors carrying same amount of current in the same direction and in the opposite direction is shown in the figure.

When the direction of current is upwards the magnetic fields are anti clockwise and when the current direction is downwards the magnetic fields are clockwise. But in both the cases the direction of magnetic field midway is in opposite direction.

Question 14.
How can an AC generator be converted into a DC generator?

Answer:

An AC generator can be converted into a DC generator by using a commutator. Commutator is an attachment, connected with the armature of a motor or dynamo, through which electrical connection is made and which ensures the current flows as direct current. What a commutator does is change the conductor after a half cycle so a single terminal always experiences same EMF.

Question 15.
Compute the position of the object placed in front of a concave mirror of focal length ‘f’ so that the image formed is of the same size of the object.

Answer:
Given,

Focal length= -f

(Because it is a concave mirror)

The magnification is given by

And the magnification is also given by

As the length of image (h_i) =length of object (h_o)

Hence, the magnification (m) =1

Therefore,

According to the mirror formula,

Hence, the object must be placed at double the focal length before the concave mirror.

Part-b

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks

i) For a motor: a permanent magnet, then commercial motor: _

ii) Focal length of a lens; metre, then for power of a lens__

Answer:
(i) Electromagnet
Explanation: Electromagnets are much stronger than permanent magnets; moreover permanent magnets lose their magnetivity over time due to moisture and heat.

ii) Dioptres

Explanation:1 dioptre is the power of a lens whose focal length is 1 metre. The power of a convex lens is positive and that of aconcave lens is negative.

Question 2.
Correct the mistakes, if any, in the following statements.

i) The magnetic field is a quantity that has magnitude only.

ii) Outside the bar magnet, the magnetic field lines emerge from the South Poleand merge at the North Pole.

Answer:
(i) The magnetic field is a quantity that has magnitude and direction.
Explanation: Magnetic field is represented by the magnetic field lines give both the direction and magnitude (the denser the magnetic field lines, the more are its magnitude), so the magnetic field have both magnitude and direction.

This type of quantity is known as vector quantity.

ii) Outside the bar magnet, the magnetic field lines emerge from the North Pole and merge at the South Pole.

Explanation:

Question 3.
The ray diagram shown below is introduced to show how a concave mirror forms theimage of an object.

i) Identify the mistake and draw the correct ray diagram.

ii) Write the justifications for your corrections.

Answer:
i) As the ray of light falls through the focus on the concave mirror, the ray of light passes parallel to the axis.

This the correct ray diagram.

ii)

Upon incidence of the light ray the angle of incidence (i) must be equal to the angle of refraction(r),as shown in the figure above.

Question 4.
In traffic signals _ colour light is used to stop vehicles because it has wave length. (Hint: scattering of light is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength)

Answer:
In traffic signals _Red colour light is used to stop vehicles because it has longestwavelength. (Hint: scattering of light is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength)
Explanation: The primary reason for using red colour in traffic signals or danger signals is that it is scattered least by the air molecules. Scattering of light is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength; this is known as Rayleigh scattering.

Question 5.
Fill the table with the appropriate words given in bracket.

(Convex mirror, Plano convex, concave mirror, Plane mirror, convex lens, Concavelens)

Answer:
Concave mirror, convex mirror.
Explanation: Concave mirrors are used by dentist’s to get the upright and magnified (at a short range i.e. the object length must be smaller than the focal length of the mirror) image of the tooth or the soft tissues of the mouth.

Convex mirrors are used as the rear view mirror in cars as it gives an upright image and a wider field of view.

Question 6.
Write down the names of the specified parts of the human eye.

i) Dark muscular diaphragm that controls the pupil.

ii) The screen where the image is formed by the eye lens.

Answer:
(i) Iris is a structure behind the cornea. It is a dark muscular diaphragm that controls the size of the pupil.
(ii) The screenon which the image is formed in the eye is called retina.

Question 7.
You know that myopia is a common refractive defect of vision. A person with this defect can clearly see only objects that are near. Using concave lens of suitable power this defect is corrected.

i) Mention the other two types of defects.

ii) Explain how they can be corrected.

Answer:
Myopia or near sightedness is an eye defect in which a person can see clearly only when the objects are near. This happens when the lens becomes too thick and the light rays undergo greater refraction which makes the light rays to converge before the retina, making the eyesight blurry.

Using a concave lens can be helpful as it concentrates the light rays on the retina. The below image explains the process

The two other types of defects are:

• Hypermetropia

• Astigmatism

Hypermetropia or far sightedness is an eye defect there is difficulty with near vision but far objects can be seen easily. The image is focused behind the retina rather than upon it. This occurs when the eyeball is too short or the refractive power of the lens is too weak. Hypermetropia can be corrected by wearing glasses/contacts that contain convex lenses.

Astigmatism is an eye defect in which the light rays do not all come to a single focal point on the retina, instead some focus on the retina and some focus in front of or behind it. This is usually caused by a non-uniform curvature of the cornea. Astigmatism can usually be corrected by using a special spherical cylindrical lens.

Question 8.
i) Which of the compass needle orientations in the following diagram correctly describesthe magnet’s field at that point?